High-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopes (FEG-SEMs) have proven to be very powerful tools for energy-related research. Developments in such areas as solar thin films, oil shale, catalysis, and fuel cells require sub-nanometer resolution SEMs with a versatile set of detectors. They also require advanced sample preparation and handling techniques, such as argon ion polishing and FIB (focused ion beam). This article discusses incorporation of both advanced sample preparation and handling techniques, and the newest SEM detectors and imaging capabilities to advance energy research.