Analytical Instrument Documents

Why GC Alpha
Why GC-Alpha

GC-Alpha combines high-resolution accurate mass, multiple ionization techniques, comprehensive GC×GC capability, and AI-assisted structural analysis to help scientists identify unknown compounds and better understand complex samples with speed and confidence.

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Looking Deeper into Pyrolysis Oil.jpg
Looking Deeper into Pyrolysis Oil - An integrated workflow for characterizing complex chemical compositions

One of the biggest analytical challenges is the complexity of pyrolysis oil. It contains hundreds of compounds with different chemical properties, many of which are unknown or present at very low concentrations. These complex mixtures are often difficult to fully characterize using conventional GC-MS because compounds can co-elute, complicating separation and identification.

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Choosing an Ionization Approach for Complex Hydrocarbon Analysis.jpg
Choosing an Ionization Approach for Complex Hydrocarbon Analysis

By selecting the appropriate combination of GC separation, hard ionization, soft ionization, and direct MS measurement, scientists can obtain a more complete view of complex hydrocarbon samples than would be possible using a single method alone.

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JEOL Gas Chromatograph – Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) Primer
JEOL Gas Chromatograph – Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) Primer

What is a Gas Chromatograph – Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS)? Learn more in this guidebook written by our experts.

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Examining detection sensitivity of EI-FI and PI ion sources using nitrogen as a GC carrier gas_MSTips 299e
Examining detection sensitivity of EI-FI and PI ion sources using nitrogen as a GC carrier gas MSTips 299

In this work, we compare sensitivity levels when using the combination EI/FI and EI/PI ion sources when He and N2 are used as the GC carrier gas.

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Tandem Mass Spectrometry MSMS
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS)

Mass spectrometers are commonly combined with separation devices such as gas chromatographs (GC) and liquid chromatographs (LC). The GC or LC separates the components in a mixture, and the components are introduced, one by one, into the mass spectrometer. MS/MS is an analogous technique where the first-stage separation device is another mass spectrometer.

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MS Elemental Composition Calculations and Their Interpretation
MS Elemental Composition Calculations and Their Interpretation

Accurate mass measurements are frequently used to determine the elemental composition for molecular and fragment ions. These measurements are normally obtained by acquiring a high resolution mass spectrum so that the masses are measured for a single species and not measured for unresolved or partially resolved peaks.

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Mass Spectrometers - A Short Explanation for the Absolute Novice
Mass Spectrometers - A Short Explanation for the Absolute Novice

What does a mass spectrometer do? What are mass spectrometers used for? What does the mass tell us? How does a mass spectrometer work?

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How Resolution Is Defined
How Resolution Is Defined

Several different definitions of resolution are used in mass spectrometry. It is useful to understand the distinctions between the different definitions to understand the characteristics of different mass spectrometers.

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Summary of the characteristics of different mass analyzers
Summary of the characteristics of different mass analyzers

All mass spectrometers combine ion formation, mass analysis, and ion detection. This discussion is concerned with how various mass analyzers are used to separate ions according to their massto- charge ratio. Each mass analyzer has its own special characteristics and applications and its own benefits and limitations. The choice of mass analyzer should be based upon the application, cost, and performance desired. There is no ideal mass analyzer that is good for all applications. For an excellent and more complete discussion of mass analyzers, see "The Ideal Mass Analyzer: Fact or Fiction?" (Curt Brunnee, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 76 (1987), 125-237.

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